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Jan-Willem SMID (1) and Nico NIEBOER (2) ([mail])

(1) OTB Research Institute for Housing, Urban and Mobility studies, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands E-mail: j.w.smid@tudelft.nl

(2) OTB Research Institute for Housing, Urban and Mobility studies, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5030, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands E-mail: n.e.t.nieboer@tudelft.nl Table 1. Division of the housing stock by tenure

Owner- Private Social Country occupied % rented % rented % Other % Austria (3) 56.9 40.3 2.8 -- Belgium (2) 68 25 7 -- Denmark (4) 50.6 17.8 27.2 4.4 Finland (1) 58 17 17 1 France (3) 56 19.7 17.2 7.1 Germany (3) 43 51 6 -- Greece (2) 80.1 19.9 -- -- Ireland (4) 7.4 11 6.9 4.7 Italy (2) 80 16 4 -- Netherlands (3) 54.2 10.8 35 -- Poland (3) 55.2 0 22.8 21.5 Portugal (2) 75.7 21 3.3 -- Spain (2) 81 9.7 1.6 -- Sweden (3) 38 22 24 -- United Kingdom (2) 69 9.3 20.8 -- (1) = 1999, (2) = 2001, (3) = 2002, (4) = 2003 Source: Norris and Shiels (2004) Table 2. Presence of insulation facilities in the Dutch social housing stock

% of Double Year of housing glazing Insulated construction stock % facade % Until 1946 9.7 58 25 1946-1970 35.5 61 34 After 1970 54.8 79 82 Year of Roof Ground floor construction insulation % insulation % Until 1946 32 9 1946-1970 38 6 After 1970 85 59 Sources: Ministry of VROM (2002) and CFV (2003) Table 3. Some relevant domains and examples of labels in each domain

Examples of actual Domain Examples of labels measures Physical Renovation (1) Merge dwellings, place modification rooftop apartments Technical quality Upgrade maintenance Replace roofing,

level (2), decrease change facade

maintenance level (2) Eventual disposal Sale (1), demolition (1) N/a Lettability and Redevelopment for Place elevator (target target group specific target group group the elderly),

(for instance the decrease rent level

elderly) (1), allocate

for lowest income

groups (1) Energy performance EPBD label 'D' (2), Replace open heater by

quality level of indoor central heating, place

climate (2) double glazing, improve

insulation level (1) = label indicating measure or activity, (2) = label indicating desired quality or performance level Table 4. The relation between exploitations period, exploitation strategy and ambition level of housing association Staedion Exploitation Ambition period Exploitation strategy labels level 5 years Reduce--no improvements, the maintenance level 1

level will be limited to the most necessary

measures only. 10 years Maintain physical state--only measures that level 2

maintain the present physical state are

taken. 15+ years Maintain price-quality level--aimed at level 3

maintaining the present price-quality level,

therefore improvements are considered if,

for example, necessary to fulfil demands

from the target group. 25 years Extended exploitation--large improvements level 4

and renovation, in order to secure

lettability for the long term. 25+ years Restructure--usually implies demolition and level 5

new construction, although reuse of the main

building structure is considered if a

quality level that resembles new

construction can be achieved. Source: Staedion (2005)