21-30 112 12.5
31-40 166 18.5
41-50 188 20.9
51-60 184 20.5
>60 226 25.1
Total 899 100.0
Education
High school graduate or less 460 49.7
University graduate 297 32.1
Postgraduate 168 18.2
Total 925 100.0
Gender
Female 573 61.0
Male 367 39.0
Total 940 100.0
Professional advice on a
gambling problem
Yes 10 1.1
No 932 98.9
Total 942 100.0
Exhibit 3:
Mean and Standard Deviation of Twenty-Four Items in Survey
Standard
Mean Deviation
People gamble more than they can afford 5.68 1.278
The Hamilton casino will increase the number 5.49 1.472
of people with gambling problems
Casino's control and monitoring of gambling 5.31 1.515
problems should be better
Having a casino in Hamilton means that there 4.92 1.583
is more of a chance that children will be
influenced to gamble
More jobs exist because of the Hamilton Casino 4.90 1.273
The main reason I would visit the Hamilton 4.87 1.460
Casino would not be to gamble but for other
attractions (e.g., restaurant, bowling)
There are too many casinos in New Zealand 4.83 1.679
It will attract more traditional vices (e.g., 4.76 1.502
prostitution, loan sharking)
Having a casino in Hamilton will encourage 4.59 1.467
racketeers and crime
The Hamilton casino will cause more traffic 4.36 1.412
congestion on Victoria Street
People work less because they are gambling 4.34 1.427
The casino will provide more colorful nightlife 4.17 1.562
to Hamilton
The Casino will bring more international 4.06 1.420
tourists to Hamilton
Casino gambling will appeal partially to senior 4.02 1.299
citizens (aged 65+)
Having a casino in Hamilton is good for 3.54 1.611
the economy
I will avoid the downtown area adjacent to the 3.45 1.507
Hamilton casino
I will take my out-of-town friends and visitors 3.24 1.739
to the casino
I think that going to a casino is a fun way to 3.19 1.688
spend time
The casino will attract more companies to move 3.09 1.285
to Hamilton
The main reason I would visit the Hamilton 2.94 1.740
casino would be to gamble
Hamilton is a better place to live because of 2.68 1.485
the casino
Having a casino in Hamilton will encourage me 2.48 1.444
to spend more money in Hamilton rather than
in other parts of New Zealand
Because of the casino in Hamilton I will spend 2.37 1.244
less on other tourism attractions in and
around Hamilton
Having the casino in Hamilton will encourage 2.31 1.460
me to spend more on gambling
Exhibit 4:
Factor Analysis of Items in Exhibit 3
Component
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00
Having a casino in Hamilton means that .76 -.26 -.16 -.06
there is more of a chance that
children will be influenced to gamble
It will attract more traditional vices .74 -.25 -.09 -.17
(e.g., prostitution, loan sharking)
Having a casino in Hamilton will .73 -.23 -.14 -.21
encourage racketeers and crime
People gamble more than they can afford .73 -.09 -.07 .14
The Hamilton casino will increase the .70 -.23 -.13 .04
number of people with gambling problems
People work less because they are gambling .67 -.12 -.01 -.03
Casino's control and monitoring of .59 -.01 -.09 .18
gambling problems should be better
There are too many casinos in New Zealand .57 -.34 -.18 -.06
The Hamilton casino will cause more .52 -.05 -.01 -.34
traffic congestion on Victoria Street
The casino will bring more international -.14 .71 .02 .15
tourists to Hamilton
Having a casino in Hamilton is good for -.31 .70 .27 .08
the economy
The casino will attract more companies -.10 .68 .21 -.14
to move to Hamilton
The casino will provide more colorful -.25 .62 .23 .10
nightlife to Hamilton
More jobs exist because of the Hamilton -.17 .60 -.07 .34
Casino
I will take my out-of-town friends and -.31 .57 .49 .12
visitors to the casino
Hamilton is a better place to live -.38 .52 .30 .06
because of the casino
Having the casino in Hamilton will -.02 .16 .78 -.02
encourage me to spend more on gambling
Because of the casino in Hamilton I -.06 .19 .70 -.34
will spend less on other tourism
attractions in and around Hamilton
The main reason I would visit the -.09 .06 .68 .30
Hamilton casino would be to gamble
Having a casino in Hamilton will -.16 .41 .65 -.05
encourage me to spend more money in
Hamilton rather than in other parts
of New Zealand
I think that going to a casino is a fun -.33 .42 .54 .24
way to spend time
The main reason I would visit the .12 .44 -.51 -.08
Hamilton casino would not be to gamble
but for other attractions (e.g.,
restaurant, bowling)
I will avoid the down town area .37 -.25 .01 -.61
adjacent to the Hamilton casino
Casino gambling will appeal particularly .27 .07 .09 .44
to senior citizens (aged 65+)
Note: Factors are shown in bold.
Exhibit 5:
Comparison of Negatively Worded Questions by
Casino Visitation
Have Visited
Standard
Mean Deviation
Having a casino in Hamilton means 4.72 1.57
that there is more of a chance
that children will be influenced
to gamble
It will attract more traditional vices 4.56 1.50
(e.g., prostitution, loan sharking)
Having a casino in Hamilton will 4.39 1.45
encourage racketeers and crime
People gamble more than they can 5.54 1.31
afford
The Hamilton casino will increase the 5.32 1.50
number of people with gambling
problems
People work less because they are 4.16 1.39
gambling
Casino's control and monitoring of 5.21 1.53
gambling problems should be
better
There are too many casinos in 4.61 1.65
New Zealand
The Hamilton casino will cause more 4.28 1.45
traffic congestion on Victoria
Street
Have Not Visited
Standard t-Value
Mean Deviation
Having a casino in Hamilton means 5.37 1.54 -5.77 **
that there is more of a chance
that children will be influenced
to gamble
It will attract more traditional vices 5.22 1.40 -6.11 **
(e.g., prostitution, loan sharking)
Having a casino in Hamilton will 5.04 1.41 -6.12 **
encourage racketeers and crime
People gamble more than they can 6.00 1.14 -5.07 **
afford
The Hamilton casino will increase the 5.89 1.33 -5.51 **
number of people with gambling
problems
People work less because they are 4.78 1.42 -5.68 **
gambling
Casino's control and monitoring of 5.54 1.46 -2.84 **
gambling problems should be
better
There are too many casinos in 5.35 1.65 -6.14 **
New Zealand
The Hamilton casino will cause more 4.55 1.30 -2.55 *
traffic congestion on Victoria
Street
* t-test two-tail probability < .05. ** t-test two-tail
probability < .01.
Exhibit 6:
Comparison of Negatively Worded Questions, by Gender
Female Male
Standard Standard
Mean Deviation Mean Deviation t-Value
Having a casino in 5.04 1.55 4.74 1.62 2.85 **
Hamilton means that
there is more of a
chance that children
will be influenced
to gamble
It will attract more 4.82 1.46 4.66 1.56 1.54
traditional vices
(e.g., prostitution,
loan sharking)
Having a casino in 4.70 1.41 4.42 1.54 2.74 *
Hamilton will
encourage racketeers
and crime
People gamble more 5.81 1.25 5.49 1.29 3.68 **
than they can afford
The Hamilton casino 5.58 1.48 5.36 1.44 2.26 *
will increase the
number of people
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