On the impact of transportation costs on trade in a multilateral
world.
1. Introduction
The consideration of transportation costs in the endowment-based
model of horizontal product differentiation has been an important
progression in trade theory (see Krugman 1980; . . .
The effects of expected and unexpected volatility on long-run
growth: evidence from 18 developed economies.
1. Introduction
Although there is disagreement about the magnitude, many economists
agree that business cycles have negative consequences for welfare in the
short run by causing output to deviate . . .
Dispute rates and contingency fees: an analysis from the
signaling model.
1. Introduction
Contingency lee contracts, under which the plaintiff pays her
lawyer a percentage of the judgment if she wins at trial and nothing if
she loses, are very common in the United . . .
Theory versus application: does complexity crowd out
evidence?
JEL Classification: All
1. Introduction
Winnowing theories by appeals to evidence is a practice that dates
to the beginnings of modern science. Here we test the hypothesis of
Donald F. Gordon . . .
Author order and research quality.
JEL Classification: A10, J20, Z00
1. Introduction
The assignment of property rights is an integral aspect of any
tree-market economic system. Indeed, it is well known that property
rights . . .
Unintended consequence of centralized public school funding in
Michigan education.
1. Introduction
In an effort to create greater equity among school districts, a
number of states have shifted the responsibility for school funding from
local school districts to the state. . . .
Transitions from welfare and the employment prospects of
low-skill workers.
1. Introduction
Sweeping reforms in state welfare programs, initiated first through
Section 1 115 waivers to the Social Security Act in the early 1990s and
later in response to the Personal . . .
Cultures of illegality in the National Hockey League.
1. Introduction
The economic model of crime demonstrates how an individual might
decide to engage in illegal activity. It demonstrates that such activity
may be motivated by incentives associated . . .
The impact of corruption on the black market premium.
1. Introduction
One of the features of most countries, especially developing
nations, is corruption that exists in the private as well as the public
sector. There are different factors that make . . .
Transnational terrorism 1968-2000: thresholds, persistence, and
forecasts.
JEL Classification: D74, C32, H56
1. Introduction
The death, destruction, and economic impacts resulting from the
four hijackings on September 11, 2001 (henceforth 9/11), made policy
makers and . . .
Correction.(Correction Notice)
In the article, "The Declining Contribution of Socioeconomic
Disparities to the Racial Gap in Infant Mortality Rates,
1920-1970," by William J. Collins and Melissa A. Thomasson, which
appeared in . . .
Globalization in Historical Perspective.(Book Review)
Globalization in Historical Perspective Edited by Michael D. Bordo,
Alan M. Taylor, and Jeffrey G. Williamson. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2003. Pp. 588. $95.00
The 21st century will . . .
When will the gender gap in retirement income
narrow?(pensions)
1. Introduction
The real incomes of elderly women are substantially below that of
elderly men. Among people aged 65 and over in 1994, median income was
$15,250 for men and $8950 for women. (1) . . .
Optimal monitoring with external incentives: the case of
tipping.(wages of restaurant workers)
1. Introduction
Tipping is a significant economic activity, and yet its economic
implications have hardly been explored. Tips in U.S. restaurants alone
are around $27 billion a year. (1) . . .
The pre- and postwar price-output paradox revisited.
1. Introduction
Past studies relating changes in the overall price level to changes
in real output show a positive correlation between these variables in
the years before World War II (WWII) and . . .
Integration and causality in international freight markets:
modeling with error correction and directed acyclic graphs.(fluctuat
1. Introduction
In January 1985, the Baltic Exchange developed the then known
Baltic Freight Index (BFI), which, in May 1985, would become the
underlying asset of the Baltic International Freight . . .
Can consumer attitudes forecast household spending in the United
States? Further evidence from the Michigan survey of consumers.
1. Introduction
For many years, indices of consumer sentiment have been used to
provide government policy makers, economic forecasters, and business
managers with timely and important information . . .
Erring on the margin of error.(sampling)
1. Introduction
As most teachers of probability and statistics know, one of the
most difficult concepts to convey to students is that of sampling error.
Yet with the proliferation of the . . .
Safety at the racetrack: results of restrictor plates in
superspeedway competition.(auto racing competitions)
1. Introduction
In May of 1987, driver Bobby Allison's car became airborne
after blowing a tire in the front stretch of the Talladega Superspeedway
in Alabama. The car destroyed 100 feet of . . .
Religious freedom and the unintended consequences of state
religion.
1. Introduction
"[A] union of government and religion tends to destroy
government and degrade religion."
So wrote Justice Hugo Black in the majority opinion in Engel v.
Vitale, (1) a 1962 . . .
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