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Houston Journal of International Law

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Patent necessity: intellectual property dilemmas in the biotech domain & treatment equity for developing countries.
I. INTRODUCTION The dearth of access to affordable AIDS therapies in developing countries is increasingly blamed on the intellectual property norms of the North and their operationalization in . . .

The United States' choice to violate international law by allowing the juvenile death penalty.
I. INTRODUCTION A. Overview of Analysis The United States Supreme Court did not grant certiorari to Michael Domingues, an individual sentenced to death for a crime he committed as a juvenile. . . .

Redefining gender: Hernandez-Montiel v. INS.(asylum granted gay Mexican national with female sexual identity)
I. INTRODUCTION At the same time Mexico's president-elect, Vicente Fox, was at the White House calling for an open border between Mexico and the United States, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals . . .

Child labor prohibitions are universal, binding, and obligatory law: the evolving state of customary international law concernin
Child labor (1) is the most prevalent source of child exploitation and child abuse in the world today. (2) At least 250 million children between the ages of five and fourteen (3) are working in . . .

Thinking outside the box: the application of COGSA's $500 per-package limitation to shipping containers.(Carriage of Goods by Se
I. INTRODUCTION The introduction of the shipping container revolutionized the maritime shipping industry. Compared to the earlier "break-bulk" method of transporting goods, containerized shipping . . .

Price-fixing at the pump. Is the OPEC oil conspiracy beyond the reach of the Sherman Act?
I. INTRODUCTION In both the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives, resentment has been building (1) against the relentless increases in the price of oil (2) resulting from the . . .

The Law of Peoples.(Review)
THE LAW OF PEOPLES By John Rawls, Harvard University Press, 1999. Pp. 199. $22.50 Since the publication in 1971 of A Theory of Justice, many scholars have sought to apply John Rawls's theory of . . .

Access to our backyard reserves: a final resolution of the western Gulf of Mexico's maritime boundaries.
I. INTRODUCTION When we turn to foreign ]ands to supply our energy needs, then I can't help but feeling that somewhere along the way we have surrendered something of our freedom.(1) As . . .

To patent or not to patent: the European Union's new biotech directive.
I. INTRODUCTION After centuries of fusing, melting, forging, and burning inorganic materials to create useful things, we have come to a time in mankind's development when we are splicing, . . .

A comparison of commercial arbitration: the United States and Latin America.
I. INTRODUCTION It has been said that the United States and Latin America have historically taken different attitudes toward arbitration.(1) Although there is some truth to this statement, it . . .

Genocide: the crime of the century; the jurisprudence of death at the dawn of the new millennium.
The twentieth century was terrorized by the terrible triad of nationalism,(1) communism(2) and totalitarianism.(3) There were considerable costs. Substantial portions of various ethnic, racial . . .

Global distributions: the effect of export controls.(trade regulation and electronic commerce)
I. INTRODUCTION A. Issue Spotting Export controls are not just for "exporters" anymore. The Census Bureau reports that in 1998, 205,188 companies exported $554 billion in merchandise.(1) This . . .

Should the United States officially recognize the Taliban? the international legal and political considerations.
I. INTRODUCTION Afghanistan is an extremely poor country that has been decimated by two decades of continued war.(1) Twelve years of civil war among rival factions followed ten years of war with . . .

Limiting states' roles in foreign commerce: teaching old-world dogs New-World tricks.
I. INTRODUCTION Cities and states are taking more initiative in the domain of foreign commerce.(1) Over forty states have buy-American laws.(2) Since 1992, twenty-five local governments have . . .

Foreign forum selection clauses in the federal courts: all in the name of international comity.
I. INTRODUCTION When parties engage in international trade, each side frequently believes that the transaction will be controlled by their own domestic laws and practices.(1) However, when . . .

The exit fiction: unconstitutional indefinite detention of deportable aliens.
I. INTRODUCTION In December 1999, eight inmates at a Louisiana prison took hostages--the prison warden, two prison deputies, and five female inmates.(1) After an initial burst of violence, the . . .

Driving while Mexican: why the Supreme Court must reexamine United States v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873 (1975).
I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, Congress and the Immigration and Naturalization Service of the Department of Justice have made prosecution of illegal aliens and immigration offenses in the . . .

The Coming Anarchy: Shattering the Dreams of the Post-Cold War.(Review)
THE COMING ANARCHY; SHATTERING THE DREAMS OF THE POST-COLD WAR By Robert D. Kaplan, Random House, 2000. Pp. 185. $21.95 Our pro forma geopolitical worldview that served for fifty years of the . . .

The winners and the losers: the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and its effects on developing
I. INTRODUCTION These are changing times in the global economy. With the opening of the international market and the increased ease with which goods, capital, and ideas flow around the world, new . . .

Might a future tuna embargo withstand a WTO challenge in light of the recent shrimp-turtle ruling?(World Trade Organization)
I. INTRODUCTION Since the inception of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ("GATT") and the establishment of the World Trade Organization ("WTO"), few environmental trade measures have . . .

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