Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice

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Entrepreneurial scripts and the new transaction commitment mindset: extending the expert information processing theory approach
In this study, we extend the expert information processing theory approach to entrepreneurial cognition research through an empirical exploration of the new transaction commitment mindset among busi . . .

Firm-specific human capital and governance in IPO firms: addressing agency and resource dependence concerns.(initial public offe
Entrepreneurs with firm-specific human capital represent both a potential source of competitive advantage and a threat to appropriate the rents that are ultimately generated by a new venture. This s . . .

The impact of networking on bank financing: the case of small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam.
It is argued that networking is crucial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly in emerging economies as they seek to access resources for development. One key resource in emergi . . .

Start-up capital and Chinese entrepreneurs: the role of family.(Survey)
This paper examines the formation of the initial capital structure of Chinese start-up firms. Contrary to the predominant view of Chinese family business, this study found that family funding is not . . .

Founders, private equity investors, and underpricing in entrepreneurial IPOs.(initial public offering)
One of the most important events in the life of an entrepreneurial firm is when it undergoes an initial public offering (IPO). Combining signaling theory with research on the role of information asy . . .

Does one size fit all? The multiple organizational forms leading to successful academic entrepreneurship.
This paper offers an integrative theory, through the use of transaction cost theory principles, that attempts to match the attributes of university-held innovations with the specific organizational . . .

Ethical considerations of the legitimacy lie.
This article draws upon prior research and theory on the legitimacy threshold that suggests entrepreneurs in start-up ventures will likely employ proactive strategies to gain initial legitimacy with . . .

Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: refining the measure.
A growing number of studies on entrepreneurial motivation, intentions, and behavior include entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) as an explanatory variable. While there is broad consensus among resea . . .

Can this business be rescued?
This teaching case describes an ethical dilemma for a small business owner operating in the challenging business environment of Belarus, 2003. Each of his four options is a viable consideration depe . . .

Note to instructors.
Introduction The case Can This Business Be Rescued? focuses on two issues: the process of entrepreneurial decisions and the ethics of these decisions. The events of the case occur in Belarus, a co . . .

Involvement in knowledge-acquisition activities by venture team members and venture performance.(Report)
This research uses concepts of organizational learning to analyze knowledge acquisition by management teams in emerging firms. Involvement in ongoing knowledge-acquisition activities is positively a . . .

Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions.(Report)
This article uses Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to build an entrepreneurial intention questionnaire (EIQ) and analyzes its psychometric properties. The entrepreneurial intention model is then t . . .

Entrepreneurial job characteristics: an examination of their effect on entrepreneurial satisfaction.(Report)
The present study examined the effect of four core job characteristics on job satisfaction for entrepreneurs and a comparison group of nonfounding top managers. Significant mean differences were fou . . .

Small-business group formation as an entrepreneurial development model.(Report)
Why do small-business groups in developed countries exist? Research has shown the strong economic impact of business groups throughout the world but remains heavily focused on large-business groups . . .

Individual entrepreneurial intent: construct clarification and development of an internationally reliable metric.(Report)
Individual entrepreneurial intent is a key construct in research on new business formation. However, neither a clear or consistent definition of nor a uniform and reliable way to measure individual . . .

A measure of adaptive cognition for entrepreneurship research.(Report)
To sense and adapt to uncertainty may characterize a critical entrepreneurial resource. In this research, we employ a metacognitive lens toward the development of a 36-item inventory designed to ass . . .

The life cycle of an Internet firm: scripts, legitimacy, and identity.(Report)
We study, longitudinally and ethnographically, the construction of legitimacy and identity during the life cycle of an entrepreneurial Internet firm, from inception to death. We utilize organization . . .

Priorities, resource stocks, and performance in family and nonfamily firms.(Report)
This article discusses how the performance of family firms and nonfamily firms might differ as a result of the different priorities flowing from family influence, even when the two types of firms po . . .

Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: an assessment of past research and suggestions for the future.(Report)
Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has received substantial conceptual and empirical attention, representing one of the few areas in entrepreneurship research where a cumulative body of knowledge is d . . .

Blue Moon Natural Foods.(Company overview)
Blue Moon began as a natural foods market and deli in Exeter, New Hampshire, added a small restaurant, and had just opened an upstairs space for classes by local instructors. Founder Kathy Gallant h . . .

Note to instructors: Blue Moon Natural Foods.
Blue Moon began as a natural foods market in Exeter, New Hampshire, added a small restaurant to its deli, and opened an upstairs space for classes by instructors from the local community. Blue Moon' . . .

Awarding entrepreneurship research: a presentation of the Global Award.(Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research)(Report)
On January 29, 2009, professor Scott A. Shane, Case Western Reserve University (Cleveland, Ohio), became the first recipient of the Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research, an upgrade of the prev . . .

An agency theoretic analysis of the professionalized family firm.(Report)
The professionalized firm must evaluate the performance of managers and provide incentives that will motivate them to achieve the firm's goals. Using the agency theoretic framework we develop propos . . .

Residential segregation influences on the likelihood of ethnic self-employment.(Report)
Geographic and environmental influences on economic action have a long history in managerial research. This paper develops and estimates a model of the potential of a broad set of U.S. racial minori . . .

The role of gender stereotypes in perceptions of entrepreneurs and intentions to become an entrepreneur.(Report)
In this study we examine the role of socially constructed gender stereotypes in entrepreneurship and their influence on men and women's entrepreneurial intentions. Data on characteristics of males, . . .

How technology-based new firms leverage newness and smallness to commercialize disruptive technologies.(Report)
Although the survival of young firms is challenged by the liabilities of newness, there are numerous instances where these firms have been successful at commercializing disruptive technologies at th . . .

Intuition versus analysis? Testing differential models of cognitive style on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the new venture c
This research revealed the significant role of two distinct cognitive styles as a determinant of perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy regarding the different stages of the new venture process. Th . . .

Perceived acute human resource management problems in small and medium firms: an empirical examination.(Report)
The main objective of this study was to introduce and empirically test a novel and useful framework from which to study human resource management (HRM) problems in small- and medium-sized enterprise . . .

Measuring enterprise potential in young people.(Young Enterprise Company Program)(Report)
As young people increasingly become the target of entrepreneurial and enterprise policy initiatives and enterprise education in schools increases, so does the need to effectively measure the impact . . .

Systematic search and its relationship to firm founding.(Report)
This research uses a representative sample of U.S. nascent entrepreneurs to find that there is a positive relationship between their use of systematic search and their success in founding new firms. . . .

Why networks enhance the progress of new venture creation: the influence of social capital and cognition.(Report)
Why does social capital influence the progress of new venture creation for some entrepreneurs more than others? Our investigation suggests that social capital is not enough; that the type of person . . .

Entrepreneurs' decisions on timing of entry: learning from participation and from the experiences of others.(Report)
Depending on the type of industry, an entrepreneur's decision of when to enter an industry may be a crucial one. The longer entrepreneurs wait, the more they learn from others. However, by waiting, . . .

Strategic entrepreneurship: exploring different perspectives of an emerging concept.(Report)
Within the entrepreneurship and strategic management domains there has been a movement by scholars to combine certain aspects of both areas to create a new concept of strategic entrepreneurship. To . . .

Conceptualizing corporate entrepreneurship strategy.
Our knowledge of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) continues to expand. However, this knowledge remains quite fragmented and non-cumulative. Herein, we conceptualize CE strategy as a useful focal poin . . .

Understanding and measuring autonomy: an entrepreneurial orientation perspective.(Report)
Autonomy is an important component of an entrepreneurial orientation (EO), but most studies that assess the EO construct do not include autonomy measures. This article first addresses the theoretica . . .

The impact of strategic entrepreneurship inside the organization: examining job stress and employee retention.(Report)
How do managers and staff react to strategic entrepreneurship? How can we minimize resulting job stress and maximize employee retention? We surveyed 1,975 managers and staff in 110 departments of a . . .

Are we comparing apples with apples or apples with oranges? Appropriateness of knowledge accumulation across growth studies.(Rep
Although knowledge accumulation is dependent upon relationships among constructs being robust across different measurement and sampling decisions, scholars have not sufficiently established such rob . . .

Performance configurations over time: implications for growth- and profit-oriented strategies.(Report)
Strategic entrepreneurship can be described as simultaneous opportunity seeking and advantage seeking. Younger firms are generally more flexible and therefore enjoy "discovery advantages," whereas e . . .

Agency and governance in strategic entrepreneurship.
This paper aims to highlight the opportunity to contribute to our understanding of strategic entrepreneurship by exploring the construct through the lens of agency theory. In particular, we claim a . . .

Architecture of entrepreneurial learning: exploring the link among heuristics, knowledge, and action.(Report)
We extend existing theories of entrepreneurial learning and highlight the effects of heuristics under two different learning contexts: experiential learning and vicarious learning. Specifically, we . . .

The effectiveness of alliances and acquisitions: the role of resource combination activities.(Report)
Resource complementarity increases the potential value of alliances and acquisitions, but the extent to which the value potential of an alliance or an acquisition becomes realized depends on the abi . . .

Agency, strategic entrepreneurship, and the performance of private equity-backed buyouts.(Report)
Agency theory has focused on buyouts as a governance and control device to increase profitability, organizational efficiency, and limited attention to growth. A strategic entrepreneurship view of bu . . .

Advancing strategic entrepreneurship research: the role of complexity science in shifting the paradigm.(Report)
Five areas are identified wherein more development might enhance the current model of strategic entrepreneurship (SE): exploration-exploitation, opportunity, newness, micro-macro interaction, and dy . . .

Venture capitalists as catalysts to new venture internationalization: the impact of their knowledge and reputation resources.(Re
Venture Capitalists (VC) play an important role in influencing the strategic direction of the firms in which they invest. The findings of this study reveal that VCs can serve as a catalyst to new ve . . .

Genetically engineered: why some venture capital firms are more successful than others.(Report)
While venture capital has received a tremendous amount of attention, prior research has predominantly looked at venture capital firms (VCFs) post raising their first fund. In this paper, we move the . . .

Strategic entrepreneurship at universities: academic entrepreneurs' assessment of policy programs.(Report)
In this article we draw on goal-setting theory to analyze how and why entrepreneurs perceive the usefulness of policy programs aimed at facilitating the development of academic ventures. Using a con . . .

Commentary: on the integration of strategic management and entrepreneurship: views of a contrarian.
"Nescire autem quid ante quam natus sis acciderit, id est semper esse puerum. Quid enim est aetas hominis, nisi ea memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur? (To be ingorant of what occ . . .

Toward a theoretical basis for understanding the dynamics of strategic performance in family firms.(Report)
An important distinction between family and nonfamily firms and among different types of family firms is the manner in which strategy is formulated and implemented. These differences in strategic be . . .

Toward a theory of familiness: a social capital perspective.(Report)
In the search for ways in which the family firm context is unique to organizational science, the construct of "familiness" has been identified and defined as resources and capabilities that are uniq . . .

Commentary: familiness: capital stocks and flows between family and business.(Report)
Because constructs and variables are the building blocks of hypotheses and propositions, theorists must first evaluate them before analyzing the relational properties of theories. If they are workin . . .