Get All Access for $5/mo

Navigating The Regulatory Maze: Crypto's Road To Legitimacy The future of cryptocurrencies and digital assets will be shaped by the delicate balance between promoting innovation and ensuring stability, security, and consumer protection.

By Pierrick Ribes

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

You're reading Entrepreneur Middle East, an international franchise of Entrepreneur Media.

Shutterstock

Will 2023 be the year that tames the crypto Wild West? As the cryptocurrency landscape rapidly evolves and risks intensify, regulators are scrambling to strike the perfect balance between fostering innovation and ensuring stability, security, and consumer protection.

In this article, we look into how a patchwork of regulatory approaches across the globe, pivotal litigation, and the need to regulate crypto investments are shaping the industry's future. Can governments create a framework that allows this revolutionary technology to flourish without sacrificing safety? Dive in and decide for yourself.

THE FALLOUT FROM THE COLLAPSE OF FTX

As the world of cryptocurrencies continues to evolve at a breakneck pace, it's no wonder that governments and regulators have been scrambling to keep up. The turbulent world of cryptocurrencies has been thrown into further disarray following the collapse of one of its largest platforms, FTX, in November 2022.

The FTX collapse exposed the risks associated with crypto assets that lack fundamental safeguards. This collapse occurred amid a perilous period for the industry, where high inflation and tighter monetary policy affected crypto investors as well, causing the industry to enter another "crypto winter."

Bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency, has declined by nearly two-thirds from its peak in late 2021, and a Bank for International Settlements analysis in November 2022 revealed that approximately three-quarters of investors have experienced losses. The mounting pressures have led to the failure of stablecoins, crypto-focused hedge funds, and crypto exchanges, raising grave concerns over market integrity and user protection.

As the connections between cryptocurrencies and the core financial system continue to deepen, worries about potential systemic risks and financial stability loom on the horizon. These events have pushed 2023 to the forefront as a year where regulators will play a central role in shaping the industry's future. Yet, striking a balance between regulating the investment side of crypto to ensure stability, security, and consumer protection, while promoting innovation, is crucial.

Related: Why Governments Around The World Are Going All In For Central Bank Digital Currencies

REGULATORY DIVERSITY ACROSS COUNTRIES

As of today, globally, we are facing a patchwork of regulations made up of diverse regulatory approaches across countries. Among the 80 countries analyzed, 57 have legalized cryptocurrencies, while around 14 have partial bans, and nine have general bans. Interestingly, there is a weak correlation between cryptocurrency adoption rates and regulatory restrictiveness. For instance, 12 of the top 20 countries in cryptocurrency adoption have partial or general bans in place.

Also, emerging market economies tend to lag behind advanced economies in terms of regulatory development. In many cases, this is due to a lack of resources or expertise to address the complexities of the digital asset market. A significant portion of the regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies is still evolving, with regulations and limitations differing based on their use in areas such as payments, investments, derivatives, and taxation. Most countries have established methods for taxing income or gains resulting from cryptocurrencies, though some have more detailed requirements than others.

2023 will see no shortage of litigation as regulators crack down on illicit activities in the crypto space. The US Treasury Department sanctioned Tornado Cash, a decentralized Ethereum crypto-mixing service, in August 2022. Meanwhile, the US Securities and Exchange Commission continues its case against the creator of the XRP cryptocurrency, Ripple Labs, for alleged unregistered securities sales. Bankruptcy courts will also be settling matters involving companies like Three Arrows Capital, FTX, Voyager, and Celsius, likely setting legal precedents for the industry. To prevent the repetition of business failures like that of Terra and FTX, the investment side of crypto that covers centralized exchanges (CEX) and stablecoins will most likely require rigorous oversight. Recurring regulatory audits and transparency measures will ensure that stablecoins remain fully collateralized, and that CEXs maintain adequate capitalization.

Moreover, addressing counterparty credit risks is vital to mitigating the domino effects witnessed in these past few months. As a result, stablecoins, which are usually backed by a fiat currency, have emerged as the next frontier of crypto regulation. In the European Union (EU), US, UK, and Thailand, stablecoin regulation is under consideration. Meanwhile, in Mexico, financial institutions are prohibited from issuing stablecoins. One key piece of legislation that has garnered attention is the EU's Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) Regulation. This wide-ranging bill covers everything from money laundering and the environment to corporate reporting and consumer protection. If passed, it would require stablecoin issuers to hold enough reserves to prevent their collapse and mandate crypto miners to disclose their energy consumption. The legislation also calls for exchanges operating in the region to be monitored by a financial regulator from an EU member state.

In the US, the Biden administration's recent report on stablecoins has proposed regulation for stablecoins and the possibility of a digital dollar. Rep. Patrick McHenry's stablecoin bill, which would allow the Federal Reserve to license stablecoin issuers, has faced competing disputes over who should regulate stablecoin issuers. The wording of this bill could impact major US stablecoin issuers like Circle and Paxos.

Meanwhile, with more than 60 countries in an advanced phase of exploration (development, pilot, or launch) for their central bank digital currency (CBDC) projects, it is evident that countries are exploring both CBDCs and updating cryptocurrency regulations simultaneously. The challenge of creating a comprehensive regulatory framework in such a new and disruptive area will likely take years to finalize, with the ambiguous nature of digital assets themselves, and the lack of standardized definitions creating questions of overlap and jurisdiction.

Related: Transforming Governance For The Digital Era: How Governments Around The World Are Adopting Blockchain And Web3

REGULATORY CLARITY AND THE PATH FORWARD

As 2023 unfolds, regulators worldwide must strike a delicate balance between fostering innovation and ensuring the safety and stability of the digital asset ecosystem. A highly restrictive approach could hinder innovation, and drive the industry towards friendlier jurisdictions, considering the intrinsically global and boundary-less character of the crypto space. Conversely, inadequate regulation might result in the recurrence of catastrophic incidents like the FTX and Terra collapses, eroding confidence in the sector, and discouraging potential investors.

The race to regulate is now underway, and market participants eagerly seek a clearer regulatory framework that provides certainty. With a new crypto bull market potentially in the cards, regulatory clarity is essential to restoring investor confidence. This will likely involve the introduction of new rules, regulations, or at the very least, official guidance. Countries will need to collaborate and learn from each other's experiences, using tools such as regulatory sandboxes and industry associations to test and refine their approaches, helping both advanced and emerging economies.

Related: The Top 10 Trends Shaping The Web3 Ecosystem In 2023

While it is impossible to predict the exact direction that global cryptocurrency regulation will take in the coming years, what is clear is that regulators can no longer afford to sit on the sidelines. By taking proactive steps to understand and shape this rapidly evolving industry, governments have the opportunity to harness the potential of digital assets while safeguarding the interests of consumers, investors, and the broader financial system. Only time will tell if regulators rise to the challenge, and create a framework that allows this revolutionary technology to flourish, while mitigating its inherent risks.

The days of the crypto Wild West are numbered. As the industry matures and embraces a more defined regulatory environment, the future of cryptocurrencies and digital assets will be shaped by the delicate balance between promoting innovation and ensuring stability, security, and consumer protection.

To dive deeper into the future of Web3 and the decentralized web, read our full report on Opportunities in Web3 by clicking here.

This article was originally published on Lucidity Insights, a partner of Entrepreneur Middle East in developing special reports on the Middle East and Africa's tech and entrepreneurial ecosystems.

Related: With Web3, We Can Build The World We Want To Live In

Pierrick Ribes

Contributing Writer and Researcher, Lucidity Insights

Pierrick Ribes is a Contributing Writer and Researcher for Lucidity Insights. He is interested in disruptive technologies such as Web3, blockchain, digital currencies and retail tech. His career in strategy consultancy coupled with his inquisitive mind make him a thoughtful and investigative storyteller.

Starting a Business

Nearly 50% of America's Workforce Has a Secondary Source of Income or Side Hustle. Here Are 7 Steps You Should Take to Create Lasting Value for Yours.

Today's entrepreneurs have the opportunity to generate long-lasting supplementary income if they take these steps.

Growing a Business

5 Effective Strategies to Boost Your Business's Online Presence

Boosting your online presence in 2025 is the key to success for businesses looking to grow. Working on your branding and reputation management is important to drive more sales and improve conversion.

Starting a Business

Making A Splash: Nicolas Soucaille, General Manager - UAE, Blacklane

Nicolas Soucaille, General Manager - UAE, Blacklane, on how the chauffeur-hailing service's debut in the UAE has it aligned with the country's high standards for quality, professionalism, and sustainability.

Technology

The Recap: Tech Innovation Awards 2024

Supported by in5 and Fluidmeet, the Tech Innovation Awards 2024 celebrated the MENA region's tech ecosystem.

Business Plans

7 Steps to a Perfectly Written Business Plan

Your business plan is how investors and potential partners see that you know everything you can about your industry.